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Real-Time Variant SurveillanceUpdated Daily

Latest COVID-19 Variants

Real-time surveillance data on current COVID-19 variants, emergence patterns, and global distribution with the latest genomic analysis.

Last updated: June 22, 2025 • Data refreshed daily

Currently Circulating Variants

NB.1.8.1

Variant Under Monitoring
10.7%
Global Prevalence
increasing
Trend
January 2025
First Detected
3
Regions

Key Characteristics:

  • Enhanced ACE2 binding (V445H mutation)
  • Moderate immune evasion
  • Rapid 4-week spread increase
  • Descendant of XDV.1.5.1

Geographic Distribution:

Global - 22 countriesNorth AmericaEurope

XEC

Variant Under Monitoring
8.3%
Global Prevalence
increasing
Trend
August 2024
First Detected
3
Regions

Key Characteristics:

  • Recombinant of two JN.1 variants
  • Enhanced transmission (1.5x)
  • Hybrid immune evasion properties
  • Growing global circulation

Geographic Distribution:

68 countriesEuropeAmericas

KP.3.1.1

Variant of Interest
35.2%
Global Prevalence
decreasing
Trend
March 2024
First Detected
2
Regions

Key Characteristics:

  • Previously dominant in US
  • Declining circulation
  • Being displaced by newer variants
  • Well-characterized profile

Geographic Distribution:

Global - 95 countriesPreviously dominant

MC.1

Variant Under Monitoring
5.1%
Global Prevalence
increasing
Trend
September 2024
First Detected
2
Regions

Key Characteristics:

  • Descendant of KP.3.1.1
  • Gradual circulation increase
  • 3-7% of global viruses
  • Steady growth pattern

Geographic Distribution:

28 countriesGradual spread

LP.8.1

Variant Under Monitoring
4.8%
Global Prevalence
stable
Trend
February 2025
First Detected
2
Regions

Key Characteristics:

  • Recently dominant globally
  • Declining as NB.1.8.1 rises
  • Well-characterized profile
  • Effective vaccine coverage

Geographic Distribution:

42 countriesPreviously dominant

Global Surveillance Metrics

18.3%
Global Sequencing Rate
Percentage of positive samples sequenced globally
Target: 20%
14 days
Variant Detection Time
Average time from emergence to classification
Target: 10 days
147
Countries Reporting
Number of countries with active surveillance
Target: 150+
45,000
Weekly Sequences
New genome sequences analyzed weekly
Target: 50,000

Emerging Concerns & Monitoring

Recombinant Variants on the Rise

Increased detection of recombinant variants showing novel mutation combinations

Key Implications:

  • May require updated vaccine formulations
  • Enhanced surveillance protocols activated
  • Continued monitoring of immune escape
  • International coordination strengthened

Regional Variant Distribution Patterns

Distinct variant circulation patterns emerging in different geographic regions

Key Implications:

  • Tailored public health responses needed
  • Travel-related transmission tracking
  • Regional vaccine effectiveness studies
  • Enhanced cross-border surveillance

Weekly Surveillance Highlights

June 16-22, 2025

  • NB.1.8.1 reaches 10.7% of global sequences, continuing rapid spread
  • XEC recombinant variant detected in 68 countries with 8.3% prevalence
  • MC.1 showing steady increase to 5.1% of circulating viruses
  • No significant changes in hospitalization rates across variants

June 9-15, 2025

  • XDV.1.5.1 identified as parent lineage of NB.1.8.1
  • Global sequencing rate maintained at 18.3%
  • KP.3.1.1 continues decline from previous dominance
  • Enhanced surveillance for recombinant variants implemented